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functions-bindings-cosmosdb-v2-input.md

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title description ms.topic ms.date ms.devlang ms.custom zone_pivot_groups
Azure Cosmos DB input binding for Functions 2.x and higher
Learn to use the Azure Cosmos DB input binding in Azure Functions.
reference
03/04/2022
csharp, java, javascript, powershell, python
devx-track-csharp, devx-track-python
programming-languages-set-functions-lang-workers

Azure Cosmos DB input binding for Azure Functions 2.x and higher

The Azure Cosmos DB input binding uses the SQL API to retrieve one or more Azure Cosmos DB documents and passes them to the input parameter of the function. The document ID or query parameters can be determined based on the trigger that invokes the function.

For information on setup and configuration details, see the overview.

Note

When the collection is partitioned, lookup operations must also specify the partition key value.

Example

Unless otherwise noted, examples in this article target version 3.x of the Azure Cosmos DB extension. For use with extension version 4.x, you need to replace the string collection in property and attribute names with container.

::: zone pivot="programming-language-csharp"

[!INCLUDE functions-bindings-csharp-intro]

This section contains the following examples for using in-process C# class library functions with extension version 3.x:

The examples refer to a simple ToDoItem type:

namespace CosmosDBSamplesV2
{
    public class ToDoItem
    {
        [JsonProperty("id")]
        public string Id { get; set; }

        [JsonProperty("partitionKey")]
        public string PartitionKey { get; set; }

        public string Description { get; set; }
    }
}

Queue trigger, look up ID from JSON

The following example shows a C# function that retrieves a single document. The function is triggered by a queue message that contains a JSON object. The queue trigger parses the JSON into an object of type ToDoItemLookup, which contains the ID and partition key value to look up. That ID and partition key value are used to retrieve a ToDoItem document from the specified database and collection.

namespace CosmosDBSamplesV2
{
    public class ToDoItemLookup
    {
        public string ToDoItemId { get; set; }

        public string ToDoItemPartitionKeyValue { get; set; }
    }
}
using Microsoft.Azure.WebJobs;
using Microsoft.Azure.WebJobs.Host;
using Microsoft.Extensions.Logging;

namespace CosmosDBSamplesV2
{
    public static class DocByIdFromJSON
    {
        [FunctionName("DocByIdFromJSON")]
        public static void Run(
            [QueueTrigger("todoqueueforlookup")] ToDoItemLookup toDoItemLookup,
            [CosmosDB(
                databaseName: "ToDoItems",
                collectionName: "Items",
                ConnectionStringSetting = "CosmosDBConnection",
                Id = "{ToDoItemId}",
                PartitionKey = "{ToDoItemPartitionKeyValue}")]ToDoItem toDoItem,
            ILogger log)
        {
            log.LogInformation($"C# Queue trigger function processed Id={toDoItemLookup?.ToDoItemId} Key={toDoItemLookup?.ToDoItemPartitionKeyValue}");

            if (toDoItem == null)
            {
                log.LogInformation($"ToDo item not found");
            }
            else
            {
                log.LogInformation($"Found ToDo item, Description={toDoItem.Description}");
            }
        }
    }
}

HTTP trigger, look up ID from query string

The following example shows a C# function that retrieves a single document. The function is triggered by an HTTP request that uses a query string to specify the ID and partition key value to look up. That ID and partition key value are used to retrieve a ToDoItem document from the specified database and collection.

Note

The HTTP query string parameter is case-sensitive.

using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Http;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc;
using Microsoft.Azure.WebJobs;
using Microsoft.Azure.WebJobs.Extensions.Http;
using Microsoft.Azure.WebJobs.Host;
using Microsoft.Extensions.Logging;

namespace CosmosDBSamplesV2
{
    public static class DocByIdFromQueryString
    {
        [FunctionName("DocByIdFromQueryString")]
        public static IActionResult Run(
            [HttpTrigger(AuthorizationLevel.Anonymous, "get", "post", Route = null)]
                HttpRequest req,
            [CosmosDB(
                databaseName: "ToDoItems",
                collectionName: "Items",
                ConnectionStringSetting = "CosmosDBConnection",
                Id = "{Query.id}",
                PartitionKey = "{Query.partitionKey}")] ToDoItem toDoItem,
            ILogger log)
        {
            log.LogInformation("C# HTTP trigger function processed a request.");

            if (toDoItem == null)
            {
                log.LogInformation($"ToDo item not found");
            }
            else
            {
                log.LogInformation($"Found ToDo item, Description={toDoItem.Description}");
            }
            return new OkResult();
        }
    }
}

HTTP trigger, look up ID from route data

The following example shows a C# function that retrieves a single document. The function is triggered by an HTTP request that uses route data to specify the ID and partition key value to look up. That ID and partition key value are used to retrieve a ToDoItem document from the specified database and collection.

using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Http;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc;
using Microsoft.Azure.WebJobs;
using Microsoft.Azure.WebJobs.Extensions.Http;
using Microsoft.Azure.WebJobs.Host;
using Microsoft.Extensions.Logging;

namespace CosmosDBSamplesV2
{
    public static class DocByIdFromRouteData
    {
        [FunctionName("DocByIdFromRouteData")]
        public static IActionResult Run(
            [HttpTrigger(AuthorizationLevel.Anonymous, "get", "post",
                Route = "todoitems/{partitionKey}/{id}")]HttpRequest req,
            [CosmosDB(
                databaseName: "ToDoItems",
                collectionName: "Items",
                ConnectionStringSetting = "CosmosDBConnection",
                Id = "{id}",
                PartitionKey = "{partitionKey}")] ToDoItem toDoItem,
            ILogger log)
        {
            log.LogInformation("C# HTTP trigger function processed a request.");

            if (toDoItem == null)
            {
                log.LogInformation($"ToDo item not found");
            }
            else
            {
                log.LogInformation($"Found ToDo item, Description={toDoItem.Description}");
            }
            return new OkResult();
        }
    }
}

HTTP trigger, look up ID from route data, using SqlQuery

The following example shows a C# function that retrieves a single document. The function is triggered by an HTTP request that uses route data to specify the ID to look up. That ID is used to retrieve a ToDoItem document from the specified database and collection.

The example shows how to use a binding expression in the SqlQuery parameter. You can pass route data to the SqlQuery parameter as shown, but currently you can't pass query string values.

Note

If you need to query by just the ID, it is recommended to use a look up, like the previous examples, as it will consume less request units. Point read operations (GET) are more efficient than queries by ID.

using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Http;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc;
using Microsoft.Azure.WebJobs;
using Microsoft.Azure.WebJobs.Extensions.Http;
using Microsoft.Azure.WebJobs.Host;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using Microsoft.Extensions.Logging;

namespace CosmosDBSamplesV2
{
    public static class DocByIdFromRouteDataUsingSqlQuery
    {
        [FunctionName("DocByIdFromRouteDataUsingSqlQuery")]
        public static IActionResult Run(
            [HttpTrigger(AuthorizationLevel.Anonymous, "get", "post",
                Route = "todoitems2/{id}")]HttpRequest req,
            [CosmosDB("ToDoItems", "Items",
                ConnectionStringSetting = "CosmosDBConnection",
                SqlQuery = "select * from ToDoItems r where r.id = {id}")]
                IEnumerable<ToDoItem> toDoItems,
            ILogger log)
        {
            log.LogInformation("C# HTTP trigger function processed a request.");

            foreach (ToDoItem toDoItem in toDoItems)
            {
                log.LogInformation(toDoItem.Description);
            }
            return new OkResult();
        }
    }
}

HTTP trigger, get multiple docs, using SqlQuery

The following example shows a C# function that retrieves a list of documents. The function is triggered by an HTTP request. The query is specified in the SqlQuery attribute property.

using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Http;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc;
using Microsoft.Azure.WebJobs;
using Microsoft.Azure.WebJobs.Extensions.Http;
using Microsoft.Azure.WebJobs.Host;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using Microsoft.Extensions.Logging;

namespace CosmosDBSamplesV2
{
    public static class DocsBySqlQuery
    {
        [FunctionName("DocsBySqlQuery")]
        public static IActionResult Run(
            [HttpTrigger(AuthorizationLevel.Anonymous, "get", "post", Route = null)]
                HttpRequest req,
            [CosmosDB(
                databaseName: "ToDoItems",
                collectionName: "Items",
                ConnectionStringSetting = "CosmosDBConnection",
                SqlQuery = "SELECT top 2 * FROM c order by c._ts desc")]
                IEnumerable<ToDoItem> toDoItems,
            ILogger log)
        {
            log.LogInformation("C# HTTP trigger function processed a request.");
            foreach (ToDoItem toDoItem in toDoItems)
            {
                log.LogInformation(toDoItem.Description);
            }
            return new OkResult();
        }
    }
}

HTTP trigger, get multiple docs, using DocumentClient

The following example shows a C# function that retrieves a list of documents. The function is triggered by an HTTP request. The code uses a DocumentClient instance provided by the Azure Cosmos DB binding to read a list of documents. The DocumentClient instance could also be used for write operations.

Note

You can also use the IDocumentClient interface to make testing easier.

using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Http;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc;
using Microsoft.Azure.Documents.Client;
using Microsoft.Azure.Documents.Linq;
using Microsoft.Azure.WebJobs;
using Microsoft.Azure.WebJobs.Extensions.Http;
using Microsoft.Azure.WebJobs.Host;
using Microsoft.Extensions.Logging;
using System;
using System.Linq;
using System.Threading.Tasks;

namespace CosmosDBSamplesV2
{
    public static class DocsByUsingDocumentClient
    {
        [FunctionName("DocsByUsingDocumentClient")]
        public static async Task<IActionResult> Run(
            [HttpTrigger(AuthorizationLevel.Anonymous, "get", "post",
                Route = null)]HttpRequest req,
            [CosmosDB(
                databaseName: "ToDoItems",
                collectionName: "Items",
                ConnectionStringSetting = "CosmosDBConnection")] DocumentClient client,
            ILogger log)
        {
            log.LogInformation("C# HTTP trigger function processed a request.");

            var searchterm = req.Query["searchterm"];
            if (string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(searchterm))
            {
                return (ActionResult)new NotFoundResult();
            }

            Uri collectionUri = UriFactory.CreateDocumentCollectionUri("ToDoItems", "Items");

            log.LogInformation($"Searching for: {searchterm}");

            IDocumentQuery<ToDoItem> query = client.CreateDocumentQuery<ToDoItem>(collectionUri)
                .Where(p => p.Description.Contains(searchterm))
                .AsDocumentQuery();

            while (query.HasMoreResults)
            {
                foreach (ToDoItem result in await query.ExecuteNextAsync())
                {
                    log.LogInformation(result.Description);
                }
            }
            return new OkResult();
        }
    }
}

HTTP trigger, get multiple docs, using CosmosClient

The following example shows a C# function that retrieves a list of documents. The function is triggered by an HTTP request. The code uses a CosmosClient instance provided by the Azure Cosmos DB binding, available in extension version 4.x, to read a list of documents. The CosmosClient instance could also be used for write operations.

using System.Linq;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Http;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc;
using Microsoft.Azure.Cosmos;
using Microsoft.Azure.WebJobs;
using Microsoft.Azure.WebJobs.Host;
using Microsoft.Azure.WebJobs.Extensions.Http;
using Microsoft.Extensions.Logging;

namespace CosmosDBSamplesV2
{
    public static class DocsByUsingCosmosClient
    {  
        [FunctionName("DocsByUsingCosmosClient")]
        public static async Task<IActionResult> Run(
            [HttpTrigger(AuthorizationLevel.Anonymous, "get", "post",
                Route = null)]HttpRequest req,
            [CosmosDB(
                databaseName: "ToDoItems",
                containerName: "Items",
                Connection = "CosmosDBConnection")] CosmosClient client,
            ILogger log)
        {
            log.LogInformation("C# HTTP trigger function processed a request.");

            var searchterm = req.Query["searchterm"].ToString();
            if (string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(searchterm))
            {
                return (ActionResult)new NotFoundResult();
            }

            Container container = client.GetDatabase("ToDoItems").GetContainer("Items");

            log.LogInformation($"Searching for: {searchterm}");

            QueryDefinition queryDefinition = new QueryDefinition(
                "SELECT * FROM items i WHERE CONTAINS(i.Description, @searchterm)")
                .WithParameter("@searchterm", searchterm);
            using (FeedIterator<ToDoItem> resultSet = container.GetItemQueryIterator<ToDoItem>(queryDefinition))
            {
                while (resultSet.HasMoreResults)
                {
                    FeedResponse<ToDoItem> response = await resultSet.ReadNextAsync();
                    ToDoItem item = response.First();
                    log.LogInformation(item.Description);
                }
            }

            return new OkResult();
        }
    }
}

Example pending.

This section contains the following examples:

The HTTP trigger examples refer to a simple ToDoItem type:

namespace CosmosDBSamplesV2
{
    public class ToDoItem
    {
        public string Id { get; set; }
        public string Description { get; set; }
    }
}

Queue trigger, look up ID from string

The following example shows a Cosmos DB input binding in a function.json file and a C# script function that uses the binding. The function reads a single document and updates the document's text value.

Here's the binding data in the function.json file:

{
    "name": "inputDocument",
    "type": "cosmosDB",
    "databaseName": "MyDatabase",
    "collectionName": "MyCollection",
    "id" : "{queueTrigger}",
    "partitionKey": "{partition key value}",
    "connectionStringSetting": "MyAccount_COSMOSDB",
    "direction": "in"
}

The configuration section explains these properties.

Here's the C# script code:

    using System;

    // Change input document contents using Azure Cosmos DB input binding
    public static void Run(string myQueueItem, dynamic inputDocument)
    {
      inputDocument.text = "This has changed.";
    }

Queue trigger, get multiple docs, using SqlQuery

The following example shows an Azure Cosmos DB input binding in a function.json file and a C# script function that uses the binding. The function retrieves multiple documents specified by a SQL query, using a queue trigger to customize the query parameters.

The queue trigger provides a parameter departmentId. A queue message of { "departmentId" : "Finance" } would return all records for the finance department.

Here's the binding data in the function.json file:

{
    "name": "documents",
    "type": "cosmosDB",
    "direction": "in",
    "databaseName": "MyDb",
    "collectionName": "MyCollection",
    "sqlQuery": "SELECT * from c where c.departmentId = {departmentId}",
    "connectionStringSetting": "CosmosDBConnection"
}

The configuration section explains these properties.

Here's the C# script code:

    public static void Run(QueuePayload myQueueItem, IEnumerable<dynamic> documents)
    {
        foreach (var doc in documents)
        {
            // operate on each document
        }
    }

    public class QueuePayload
    {
        public string departmentId { get; set; }
    }

HTTP trigger, look up ID from query string

The following example shows a C# script function that retrieves a single document. The function is triggered by an HTTP request that uses a query string to specify the ID and partition key value to look up. That ID and partition key value are used to retrieve a ToDoItem document from the specified database and collection.

Here's the function.json file:

{
  "bindings": [
    {
      "authLevel": "anonymous",
      "name": "req",
      "type": "httpTrigger",
      "direction": "in",
      "methods": [
        "get",
        "post"
      ]
    },
    {
      "name": "$return",
      "type": "http",
      "direction": "out"
    },
    {
      "type": "cosmosDB",
      "name": "toDoItem",
      "databaseName": "ToDoItems",
      "collectionName": "Items",
      "connectionStringSetting": "CosmosDBConnection",
      "direction": "in",
      "Id": "{Query.id}",
      "PartitionKey" : "{Query.partitionKeyValue}"
    }
  ],
  "disabled": false
}

Here's the C# script code:

using System.Net;
using Microsoft.Extensions.Logging;

public static HttpResponseMessage Run(HttpRequestMessage req, ToDoItem toDoItem, ILogger log)
{
    log.LogInformation("C# HTTP trigger function processed a request.");

    if (toDoItem == null)
    {
         log.LogInformation($"ToDo item not found");
    }
    else
    {
        log.LogInformation($"Found ToDo item, Description={toDoItem.Description}");
    }
    return req.CreateResponse(HttpStatusCode.OK);
}

HTTP trigger, look up ID from route data

The following example shows a C# script function that retrieves a single document. The function is triggered by an HTTP request that uses route data to specify the ID and partition key value to look up. That ID and partition key value are used to retrieve a ToDoItem document from the specified database and collection.

Here's the function.json file:

{
  "bindings": [
    {
      "authLevel": "anonymous",
      "name": "req",
      "type": "httpTrigger",
      "direction": "in",
      "methods": [
        "get",
        "post"
      ],
      "route":"todoitems/{partitionKeyValue}/{id}"
    },
    {
      "name": "$return",
      "type": "http",
      "direction": "out"
    },
    {
      "type": "cosmosDB",
      "name": "toDoItem",
      "databaseName": "ToDoItems",
      "collectionName": "Items",
      "connectionStringSetting": "CosmosDBConnection",
      "direction": "in",
      "id": "{id}",
      "partitionKey": "{partitionKeyValue}"
    }
  ],
  "disabled": false
}

Here's the C# script code:

using System.Net;
using Microsoft.Extensions.Logging;

public static HttpResponseMessage Run(HttpRequestMessage req, ToDoItem toDoItem, ILogger log)
{
    log.LogInformation("C# HTTP trigger function processed a request.");

    if (toDoItem == null)
    {
         log.LogInformation($"ToDo item not found");
    }
    else
    {
        log.LogInformation($"Found ToDo item, Description={toDoItem.Description}");
    }
    return req.CreateResponse(HttpStatusCode.OK);
}

HTTP trigger, get multiple docs, using SqlQuery

The following example shows a C# script function that retrieves a list of documents. The function is triggered by an HTTP request. The query is specified in the SqlQuery attribute property.

Here's the function.json file:

{
  "bindings": [
    {
      "authLevel": "anonymous",
      "name": "req",
      "type": "httpTrigger",
      "direction": "in",
      "methods": [
        "get",
        "post"
      ]
    },
    {
      "name": "$return",
      "type": "http",
      "direction": "out"
    },
    {
      "type": "cosmosDB",
      "name": "toDoItems",
      "databaseName": "ToDoItems",
      "collectionName": "Items",
      "connectionStringSetting": "CosmosDBConnection",
      "direction": "in",
      "sqlQuery": "SELECT top 2 * FROM c order by c._ts desc"
    }
  ],
  "disabled": false
}

Here's the C# script code:

using System.Net;
using Microsoft.Extensions.Logging;

public static HttpResponseMessage Run(HttpRequestMessage req, IEnumerable<ToDoItem> toDoItems, ILogger log)
{
    log.LogInformation("C# HTTP trigger function processed a request.");

    foreach (ToDoItem toDoItem in toDoItems)
    {
        log.LogInformation(toDoItem.Description);
    }
    return req.CreateResponse(HttpStatusCode.OK);
}

HTTP trigger, get multiple docs, using DocumentClient

The following example shows a C# script function that retrieves a list of documents. The function is triggered by an HTTP request. The code uses a DocumentClient instance provided by the Azure Cosmos DB binding to read a list of documents. The DocumentClient instance could also be used for write operations.

Here's the function.json file:

{
  "bindings": [
    {
      "authLevel": "anonymous",
      "name": "req",
      "type": "httpTrigger",
      "direction": "in",
      "methods": [
        "get",
        "post"
      ]
    },
    {
      "name": "$return",
      "type": "http",
      "direction": "out"
    },
    {
      "type": "cosmosDB",
      "name": "client",
      "databaseName": "ToDoItems",
      "collectionName": "Items",
      "connectionStringSetting": "CosmosDBConnection",
      "direction": "inout"
    }
  ],
  "disabled": false
}

Here's the C# script code:

#r "Microsoft.Azure.Documents.Client"

using System.Net;
using Microsoft.Azure.Documents.Client;
using Microsoft.Azure.Documents.Linq;
using Microsoft.Extensions.Logging;

public static async Task<HttpResponseMessage> Run(HttpRequestMessage req, DocumentClient client, ILogger log)
{
    log.LogInformation("C# HTTP trigger function processed a request.");

    Uri collectionUri = UriFactory.CreateDocumentCollectionUri("ToDoItems", "Items");
    string searchterm = req.GetQueryNameValuePairs()
        .FirstOrDefault(q => string.Compare(q.Key, "searchterm", true) == 0)
        .Value;

    if (searchterm == null)
    {
        return req.CreateResponse(HttpStatusCode.NotFound);
    }

    log.LogInformation($"Searching for word: {searchterm} using Uri: {collectionUri.ToString()}");
    IDocumentQuery<ToDoItem> query = client.CreateDocumentQuery<ToDoItem>(collectionUri)
        .Where(p => p.Description.Contains(searchterm))
        .AsDocumentQuery();

    while (query.HasMoreResults)
    {
        foreach (ToDoItem result in await query.ExecuteNextAsync())
        {
            log.LogInformation(result.Description);
        }
    }
    return req.CreateResponse(HttpStatusCode.OK);
}

::: zone-end ::: zone pivot="programming-language-java"

This section contains the following examples:

The examples refer to a simple ToDoItem type:

public class ToDoItem {

  private String id;
  private String description;

  public String getId() {
    return id;
  }

  public String getDescription() {
    return description;
  }

  @Override
  public String toString() {
    return "ToDoItem={id=" + id + ",description=" + description + "}";
  }
}

HTTP trigger, look up ID from query string - String parameter

The following example shows a Java function that retrieves a single document. The function is triggered by an HTTP request that uses a query string to specify the ID and partition key value to look up. That ID and partition key value are used to retrieve a document from the specified database and collection, in String form.

public class DocByIdFromQueryString {

    @FunctionName("DocByIdFromQueryString")
    public HttpResponseMessage run(
            @HttpTrigger(name = "req",
              methods = {HttpMethod.GET, HttpMethod.POST},
              authLevel = AuthorizationLevel.ANONYMOUS)
            HttpRequestMessage<Optional<String>> request,
            @CosmosDBInput(name = "database",
              databaseName = "ToDoList",
              collectionName = "Items",
              id = "{Query.id}",
              partitionKey = "{Query.partitionKeyValue}",
              connectionStringSetting = "Cosmos_DB_Connection_String")
            Optional<String> item,
            final ExecutionContext context) {

        // Item list
        context.getLogger().info("Parameters are: " + request.getQueryParameters());
        context.getLogger().info("String from the database is " + (item.isPresent() ? item.get() : null));

        // Convert and display
        if (!item.isPresent()) {
            return request.createResponseBuilder(HttpStatus.BAD_REQUEST)
                          .body("Document not found.")
                          .build();
        }
        else {
            // return JSON from Cosmos. Alternatively, we can parse the JSON string
            // and return an enriched JSON object.
            return request.createResponseBuilder(HttpStatus.OK)
                          .header("Content-Type", "application/json")
                          .body(item.get())
                          .build();
        }
    }
}

In the Java functions runtime library, use the @CosmosDBInput annotation on function parameters whose value would come from Cosmos DB. This annotation can be used with native Java types, POJOs, or nullable values using Optional<T>.

HTTP trigger, look up ID from query string - POJO parameter

The following example shows a Java function that retrieves a single document. The function is triggered by an HTTP request that uses a query string to specify the ID and partition key value to look up. That ID and partition key value used to retrieve a document from the specified database and collection. The document is then converted to an instance of the ToDoItem POJO previously created, and passed as an argument to the function.

public class DocByIdFromQueryStringPojo {

    @FunctionName("DocByIdFromQueryStringPojo")
    public HttpResponseMessage run(
            @HttpTrigger(name = "req",
              methods = {HttpMethod.GET, HttpMethod.POST},
              authLevel = AuthorizationLevel.ANONYMOUS)
            HttpRequestMessage<Optional<String>> request,
            @CosmosDBInput(name = "database",
              databaseName = "ToDoList",
              collectionName = "Items",
              id = "{Query.id}",
              partitionKey = "{Query.partitionKeyValue}",
              connectionStringSetting = "Cosmos_DB_Connection_String")
            ToDoItem item,
            final ExecutionContext context) {

        // Item list
        context.getLogger().info("Parameters are: " + request.getQueryParameters());
        context.getLogger().info("Item from the database is " + item);

        // Convert and display
        if (item == null) {
            return request.createResponseBuilder(HttpStatus.BAD_REQUEST)
                          .body("Document not found.")
                          .build();
        }
        else {
            return request.createResponseBuilder(HttpStatus.OK)
                          .header("Content-Type", "application/json")
                          .body(item)
                          .build();
        }
    }
}

HTTP trigger, look up ID from route data

The following example shows a Java function that retrieves a single document. The function is triggered by an HTTP request that uses a route parameter to specify the ID and partition key value to look up. That ID and partition key value are used to retrieve a document from the specified database and collection, returning it as an Optional<String>.

public class DocByIdFromRoute {

    @FunctionName("DocByIdFromRoute")
    public HttpResponseMessage run(
            @HttpTrigger(name = "req",
              methods = {HttpMethod.GET, HttpMethod.POST},
              authLevel = AuthorizationLevel.ANONYMOUS,
              route = "todoitems/{partitionKeyValue}/{id}")
            HttpRequestMessage<Optional<String>> request,
            @CosmosDBInput(name = "database",
              databaseName = "ToDoList",
              collectionName = "Items",
              id = "{id}",
              partitionKey = "{partitionKeyValue}",
              connectionStringSetting = "Cosmos_DB_Connection_String")
            Optional<String> item,
            final ExecutionContext context) {

        // Item list
        context.getLogger().info("Parameters are: " + request.getQueryParameters());
        context.getLogger().info("String from the database is " + (item.isPresent() ? item.get() : null));

        // Convert and display
        if (!item.isPresent()) {
            return request.createResponseBuilder(HttpStatus.BAD_REQUEST)
                          .body("Document not found.")
                          .build();
        }
        else {
            // return JSON from Cosmos. Alternatively, we can parse the JSON string
            // and return an enriched JSON object.
            return request.createResponseBuilder(HttpStatus.OK)
                          .header("Content-Type", "application/json")
                          .body(item.get())
                          .build();
        }
    }
}

HTTP trigger, look up ID from route data, using SqlQuery

The following example shows a Java function that retrieves a single document. The function is triggered by an HTTP request that uses a route parameter to specify the ID to look up. That ID is used to retrieve a document from the specified database and collection, converting the result set to a ToDoItem[], since many documents may be returned, depending on the query criteria.

Note

If you need to query by just the ID, it is recommended to use a look up, like the previous examples, as it will consume less request units. Point read operations (GET) are more efficient than queries by ID.

public class DocByIdFromRouteSqlQuery {

    @FunctionName("DocByIdFromRouteSqlQuery")
    public HttpResponseMessage run(
            @HttpTrigger(name = "req",
              methods = {HttpMethod.GET, HttpMethod.POST},
              authLevel = AuthorizationLevel.ANONYMOUS,
              route = "todoitems2/{id}")
            HttpRequestMessage<Optional<String>> request,
            @CosmosDBInput(name = "database",
              databaseName = "ToDoList",
              collectionName = "Items",
              sqlQuery = "select * from Items r where r.id = {id}",
              connectionStringSetting = "Cosmos_DB_Connection_String")
            ToDoItem[] item,
            final ExecutionContext context) {

        // Item list
        context.getLogger().info("Parameters are: " + request.getQueryParameters());
        context.getLogger().info("Items from the database are " + item);

        // Convert and display
        if (item == null) {
            return request.createResponseBuilder(HttpStatus.BAD_REQUEST)
                          .body("Document not found.")
                          .build();
        }
        else {
            return request.createResponseBuilder(HttpStatus.OK)
                          .header("Content-Type", "application/json")
                          .body(item)
                          .build();
        }
    }
}

HTTP trigger, get multiple docs from route data, using SqlQuery

The following example shows a Java function that retrieves multiple documents. The function is triggered by an HTTP request that uses a route parameter desc to specify the string to search for in the description field. The search term is used to retrieve a collection of documents from the specified database and collection, converting the result set to a ToDoItem[] and passing it as an argument to the function.

public class DocsFromRouteSqlQuery {

    @FunctionName("DocsFromRouteSqlQuery")
    public HttpResponseMessage run(
            @HttpTrigger(name = "req",
              methods = {HttpMethod.GET},
              authLevel = AuthorizationLevel.ANONYMOUS,
              route = "todoitems3/{desc}")
            HttpRequestMessage<Optional<String>> request,
            @CosmosDBInput(name = "database",
              databaseName = "ToDoList",
              collectionName = "Items",
              sqlQuery = "select * from Items r where contains(r.description, {desc})",
              connectionStringSetting = "Cosmos_DB_Connection_String")
            ToDoItem[] items,
            final ExecutionContext context) {

        // Item list
        context.getLogger().info("Parameters are: " + request.getQueryParameters());
        context.getLogger().info("Number of items from the database is " + (items == null ? 0 : items.length));

        // Convert and display
        if (items == null) {
            return request.createResponseBuilder(HttpStatus.BAD_REQUEST)
                          .body("No documents found.")
                          .build();
        }
        else {
            return request.createResponseBuilder(HttpStatus.OK)
                          .header("Content-Type", "application/json")
                          .body(items)
                          .build();
        }
    }
}

::: zone-end
::: zone pivot="programming-language-javascript"

This section contains the following examples that read a single document by specifying an ID value from various sources:

Queue trigger, look up ID from JSON

The following example shows a Cosmos DB input binding in a function.json file and a JavaScript function that uses the binding. The function reads a single document and updates the document's text value.

Here's the binding data in the function.json file:

{
    "name": "inputDocumentIn",
    "type": "cosmosDB",
    "databaseName": "MyDatabase",
    "collectionName": "MyCollection",
    "id" : "{queueTrigger_payload_property}",
    "partitionKey": "{queueTrigger_payload_property}",
    "connectionStringSetting": "MyAccount_COSMOSDB",
    "direction": "in"
},
{
    "name": "inputDocumentOut",
    "type": "cosmosDB",
    "databaseName": "MyDatabase",
    "collectionName": "MyCollection",
    "createIfNotExists": false,
    "partitionKey": "{queueTrigger_payload_property}",
    "connectionStringSetting": "MyAccount_COSMOSDB",
    "direction": "out"
}

The configuration section explains these properties.

Here's the JavaScript code:

    // Change input document contents using Azure Cosmos DB input binding, using context.bindings.inputDocumentOut
    module.exports = async function (context) {
        context.bindings.inputDocumentOut = context.bindings.inputDocumentIn;
        context.bindings.inputDocumentOut.text = "This was updated!";
    };

HTTP trigger, look up ID from query string

The following example shows a JavaScript function that retrieves a single document. The function is triggered by an HTTP request that uses a query string to specify the ID and partition key value to look up. That ID and partition key value are used to retrieve a ToDoItem document from the specified database and collection.

Here's the function.json file:

{
  "bindings": [
    {
      "authLevel": "anonymous",
      "name": "req",
      "type": "httpTrigger",
      "direction": "in",
      "methods": [
        "get",
        "post"
      ]
    },
    {
      "name": "$return",
      "type": "http",
      "direction": "out"
    },
    {
      "type": "cosmosDB",
      "name": "toDoItem",
      "databaseName": "ToDoItems",
      "collectionName": "Items",
      "connectionStringSetting": "CosmosDBConnection",
      "direction": "in",
      "Id": "{Query.id}",
      "PartitionKey": "{Query.partitionKeyValue}"
    }
  ],
  "disabled": false
}

Here's the JavaScript code:

module.exports = async function (context, req, toDoItem) {
    context.log('JavaScript queue trigger function processed work item');
    if (!toDoItem)
    {
        context.log("ToDo item not found");
    }
    else
    {
        context.log("Found ToDo item, Description=" + toDoItem.Description);
    }
};

HTTP trigger, look up ID from route data

The following example shows a JavaScript function that retrieves a single document. The function is triggered by an HTTP request that uses route data to specify the ID and partition key value to look up. That ID and partition key value are used to retrieve a ToDoItem document from the specified database and collection.

Here's the function.json file:

{
  "bindings": [
    {
      "authLevel": "anonymous",
      "name": "req",
      "type": "httpTrigger",
      "direction": "in",
      "methods": [
        "get",
        "post"
      ],
      "route":"todoitems/{partitionKeyValue}/{id}"
    },
    {
      "name": "$return",
      "type": "http",
      "direction": "out"
    },
    {
      "type": "cosmosDB",
      "name": "toDoItem",
      "databaseName": "ToDoItems",
      "collectionName": "Items",
      "connectionStringSetting": "CosmosDBConnection",
      "direction": "in",
      "Id": "{id}",
      "PartitionKey": "{partitionKeyValue}"
    }
  ],
  "disabled": false
}

Here's the JavaScript code:

module.exports = async function (context, req, toDoItem) {
    context.log('JavaScript queue trigger function processed work item');
    if (!toDoItem)
    {
        context.log("ToDo item not found");
    }
    else
    {
        context.log("Found ToDo item, Description=" + toDoItem.Description);
    }
};

Queue trigger, get multiple docs, using SqlQuery

The following example shows an Azure Cosmos DB input binding in a function.json file and a JavaScript function that uses the binding. The function retrieves multiple documents specified by a SQL query, using a queue trigger to customize the query parameters.

The queue trigger provides a parameter departmentId. A queue message of { "departmentId" : "Finance" } would return all records for the finance department.

Here's the binding data in the function.json file:

{
    "name": "documents",
    "type": "cosmosDB",
    "direction": "in",
    "databaseName": "MyDb",
    "collectionName": "MyCollection",
    "sqlQuery": "SELECT * from c where c.departmentId = {departmentId}",
    "connectionStringSetting": "CosmosDBConnection"
}

The configuration section explains these properties.

Here's the JavaScript code:

module.exports = async function (context, input) {
  var documents = context.bindings.documents;
  for (var i = 0; i < documents.length; i++) {
    var document = documents[i];
    // operate on each document
  }
};

::: zone-end
::: zone pivot="programming-language-powershell"

Queue trigger, look up ID from JSON

The following example demonstrates how to read and update a single Cosmos DB document. The document's unique identifier is provided through JSON value in a queue message.

The Cosmos DB input binding is listed first in the list of bindings found in the function's configuration file (function.json).

{
  "name": "InputDocumentIn",
  "type": "cosmosDB",
  "databaseName": "MyDatabase",
  "collectionName": "MyCollection",
  "id": "{queueTrigger_payload_property}",
  "partitionKey": "{queueTrigger_payload_property}",
  "connectionStringSetting": "CosmosDBConnection",
  "direction": "in"
},
{
  "name": "InputDocumentOut",
  "type": "cosmosDB",
  "databaseName": "MyDatabase",
  "collectionName": "MyCollection",
  "createIfNotExists": false,
  "partitionKey": "{queueTrigger_payload_property}",
  "connectionStringSetting": "CosmosDBConnection",
  "direction": "out"
}

The run.ps1 file has the PowerShell code which reads the incoming document and outputs changes.

param($QueueItem, $InputDocumentIn, $TriggerMetadata)

$Document = $InputDocumentIn 
$Document.text = 'This was updated!'

Push-OutputBinding -Name InputDocumentOut -Value $Document  

HTTP trigger, look up ID from query string

The following example demonstrates how to read and update a single Cosmos DB document from a web API. The document's unique identifier is provided through a querystring parameter from the HTTP request, as defined in the binding's "Id": "{Query.Id}" property.

The Cosmos DB input binding is listed first in the list of bindings found in the function's configuration file (function.json).

{ 
  "bindings": [ 
    { 
      "type": "cosmosDB", 
      "name": "ToDoItem", 
      "databaseName": "ToDoItems", 
      "collectionName": "Items", 
      "connectionStringSetting": "CosmosDBConnection", 
      "direction": "in", 
      "Id": "{Query.id}", 
      "PartitionKey": "{Query.partitionKeyValue}" 
    },
    { 
      "authLevel": "anonymous", 
      "name": "Request", 
      "type": "httpTrigger", 
      "direction": "in", 
      "methods": [ 
        "get", 
        "post" 
      ] 
    }, 
    { 
      "name": "Response", 
      "type": "http", 
      "direction": "out" 
    },
  ], 
  "disabled": false 
} 

The the run.ps1 file has the PowerShell code which reads the incoming document and outputs changes.

using namespace System.Net

param($Request, $ToDoItem, $TriggerMetadata)

Write-Host 'PowerShell HTTP trigger function processed a request'

if (-not $ToDoItem) { 
    Write-Host 'ToDo item not found'

    Push-OutputBinding -Name Response -Value ([HttpResponseContext]@{ 
        StatusCode = [HttpStatusCode]::NotFound 
        Body = $ToDoItem.Description 
    })

} else {

    Write-Host "Found ToDo item, Description=$($ToDoItem.Description)"

    Push-OutputBinding -Name Response -Value ([HttpResponseContext]@{ 
        StatusCode = [HttpStatusCode]::OK 
        Body = $ToDoItem.Description 
    }) 
}

HTTP trigger, look up ID from route data

The following example demonstrates how to read and update a single Cosmos DB document from a web API. The document's unique identifier is provided through a route parameter. The route parameter is defined in the HTTP request binding's route property and referenced in the Cosmos DB "Id": "{Id}" binding property.

The Cosmos DB input binding is listed first in the list of bindings found in the function's configuration file (function.json).

{ 
  "bindings": [ 
    { 
      "type": "cosmosDB", 
      "name": "ToDoItem", 
      "databaseName": "ToDoItems", 
      "collectionName": "Items", 
      "connectionStringSetting": "CosmosDBConnection", 
      "direction": "in", 
      "Id": "{id}", 
      "PartitionKey": "{partitionKeyValue}" 
    },
    { 
      "authLevel": "anonymous", 
      "name": "Request", 
      "type": "httpTrigger", 
      "direction": "in", 
      "methods": [ 
        "get", 
        "post" 
      ], 
      "route": "todoitems/{partitionKeyValue}/{id}" 
    }, 
    { 
      "name": "Response", 
      "type": "http", 
      "direction": "out" 
    }
  ], 
  "disabled": false 
} 

The the run.ps1 file has the PowerShell code which reads the incoming document and outputs changes.

using namespace System.Net

param($Request, $ToDoItem, $TriggerMetadata)

Write-Host 'PowerShell HTTP trigger function processed a request'

if (-not $ToDoItem) { 
    Write-Host 'ToDo item not found'

    Push-OutputBinding -Name Response -Value ([HttpResponseContext]@{ 
        StatusCode = [HttpStatusCode]::NotFound 
        Body = $ToDoItem.Description 
    })

} else { 
    Write-Host "Found ToDo item, Description=$($ToDoItem.Description)"

    Push-OutputBinding -Name Response -Value ([HttpResponseContext]@{ 
        StatusCode = [HttpStatusCode]::OK 
        Body = $ToDoItem.Description 
    }) 
} 

Queue trigger, get multiple docs, using SqlQuery

The following example demonstrates how to read multiple Cosmos DB documents. The function's configuration file (function.json) defines the binding properties, which includes the sqlQuery. The SQL statement provided to the sqlQuery property selects the set of documents provided to the function.

{ 
  "name": "Documents", 
  "type": "cosmosDB", 
  "direction": "in", 
  "databaseName": "MyDb", 
  "collectionName": "MyCollection", 
  "sqlQuery": "SELECT * from c where c.departmentId = {departmentId}", 
  "connectionStringSetting": "CosmosDBConnection" 
} 

The the run1.ps file has the PowerShell code which reads the incoming documents.

param($QueueItem, $Documents, $TriggerMetadata)

foreach ($Document in $Documents) { 
    # operate on each document 
} 

::: zone-end
::: zone pivot="programming-language-python"

This section contains the following examples that read a single document by specifying an ID value from various sources:

Queue trigger, look up ID from JSON

The following example shows a Cosmos DB input binding in a function.json file and a Python function that uses the binding. The function reads a single document and updates the document's text value.

Here's the binding data in the function.json file:

{
    "name": "documents",
    "type": "cosmosDB",
    "databaseName": "MyDatabase",
    "collectionName": "MyCollection",
    "id" : "{queueTrigger_payload_property}",
    "partitionKey": "{queueTrigger_payload_property}",
    "connectionStringSetting": "MyAccount_COSMOSDB",
    "direction": "in"
},
{
    "name": "$return",
    "type": "cosmosDB",
    "databaseName": "MyDatabase",
    "collectionName": "MyCollection",
    "createIfNotExists": false,
    "partitionKey": "{queueTrigger_payload_property}",
    "connectionStringSetting": "MyAccount_COSMOSDB",
    "direction": "out"
}

The configuration section explains these properties.

Here's the Python code:

import azure.functions as func

def main(queuemsg: func.QueueMessage, documents: func.DocumentList) -> func.Document:
    if documents:
        document = documents[0]
        document['text'] = 'This was updated!'
        return document

HTTP trigger, look up ID from query string

The following example shows a Python function that retrieves a single document. The function is triggered by an HTTP request that uses a query string to specify the ID and partition key value to look up. That ID and partition key value are used to retrieve a ToDoItem document from the specified database and collection.

Here's the function.json file:

{
  "bindings": [
    {
      "authLevel": "anonymous",
      "name": "req",
      "type": "httpTrigger",
      "direction": "in",
      "methods": [
        "get",
        "post"
      ]
    },
    {
      "name": "$return",
      "type": "http",
      "direction": "out"
    },
    {
      "type": "cosmosDB",
      "name": "todoitems",
      "databaseName": "ToDoItems",
      "collectionName": "Items",
      "connectionStringSetting": "CosmosDBConnection",
      "direction": "in",
      "Id": "{Query.id}",
      "PartitionKey": "{Query.partitionKeyValue}"
    }
  ],
  "scriptFile": "__init__.py"
}

Here's the Python code:

import logging
import azure.functions as func

def main(req: func.HttpRequest, todoitems: func.DocumentList) -> str:
    if not todoitems:
        logging.warning("ToDo item not found")
    else:
        logging.info("Found ToDo item, Description=%s",
                     todoitems[0]['description'])

    return 'OK'

HTTP trigger, look up ID from route data

The following example shows a Python function that retrieves a single document. The function is triggered by an HTTP request that uses route data to specify the ID and partition key value to look up. That ID and partition key value are used to retrieve a ToDoItem document from the specified database and collection.

Here's the function.json file:

{
  "bindings": [
    {
      "authLevel": "anonymous",
      "name": "req",
      "type": "httpTrigger",
      "direction": "in",
      "methods": [
        "get",
        "post"
      ],
      "route":"todoitems/{partitionKeyValue}/{id}"
    },
    {
      "name": "$return",
      "type": "http",
      "direction": "out"
    },
    {
      "type": "cosmosDB",
      "name": "todoitems",
      "databaseName": "ToDoItems",
      "collectionName": "Items",
      "connection": "CosmosDBConnection",
      "direction": "in",
      "Id": "{id}",
      "PartitionKey": "{partitionKeyValue}"
    }
  ],
  "disabled": false,
  "scriptFile": "__init__.py"
}

Here's the Python code:

import logging
import azure.functions as func

def main(req: func.HttpRequest, todoitems: func.DocumentList) -> str:
    if not todoitems:
        logging.warning("ToDo item not found")
    else:
        logging.info("Found ToDo item, Description=%s",
                     todoitems[0]['description'])
    return 'OK'

Queue trigger, get multiple docs, using SqlQuery

The following example shows an Azure Cosmos DB input binding in a function.json file and a Python function that uses the binding. The function retrieves multiple documents specified by a SQL query, using a queue trigger to customize the query parameters.

The queue trigger provides a parameter departmentId. A queue message of { "departmentId" : "Finance" } would return all records for the finance department.

Here's the binding data in the function.json file:

{
    "name": "documents",
    "type": "cosmosDB",
    "direction": "in",
    "databaseName": "MyDb",
    "collectionName": "MyCollection",
    "sqlQuery": "SELECT * from c where c.departmentId = {departmentId}",
    "connectionStringSetting": "CosmosDBConnection"
}

::: zone-end
::: zone pivot="programming-language-csharp"

Attributes

Both in-process and isolated process C# libraries use attributes to define the function. C# script instead uses a function.json configuration file.

[!INCLUDE functions-cosmosdb-input-attributes-v3]

[!INCLUDE functions-cosmosdb-input-attributes-v4]

[!INCLUDE functions-cosmosdb-input-attributes-v3]

[!INCLUDE functions-cosmosdb-input-attributes-v4]

[!INCLUDE functions-cosmosdb-input-settings-v3]

[!INCLUDE functions-cosmosdb-input-settings-v4]


::: zone-end
::: zone pivot="programming-language-java"

Annotations

From the Java functions runtime library, use the @CosmosDBInput annotation on parameters that read from Azure Cosmos DB. The annotation supports the following properties:

::: zone-end
::: zone pivot="programming-language-javascript,programming-language-powershell,programming-language-python"

Configuration

The following table explains the binding configuration properties that you set in the function.json file, where properties differ by extension version:

[!INCLUDE functions-cosmosdb-settings-v3]

[!INCLUDE functions-cosmosdb-settings-v4]


::: zone-end

See the Example section for complete examples.

Usage

::: zone pivot="programming-language-csharp"
The parameter type supported by the Event Grid trigger depends on the Functions runtime version, the extension package version, and the C# modality used.

[!INCLUDE functions-cosmosdb-usage]

[!INCLUDE functions-cosmosdb-usage]

[!INCLUDE functions-cosmosdb-usage]

Only JSON string inputs are currently supported.

[!INCLUDE functions-cosmosdb-settings-v3]

[!INCLUDE functions-cosmosdb-settings-v4]


::: zone-end

::: zone pivot="programming-language-java" From the Java functions runtime library, the @CosmosDBInput annotation exposes Cosmos DB data to the function. This annotation can be used with native Java types, POJOs, or nullable values using Optional<T>. ::: zone-end
::: zone pivot="programming-language-javascript,programming-language-powershell"
Updates are not made automatically upon function exit. Instead, use context.bindings.<documentName>In and context.bindings.<documentName>Out to make updates. See the JavaScript example for more detail. ::: zone-end
::: zone pivot="programming-language-powershell"
Updates to documents are not made automatically upon function exit. To update documents in a function use an output binding. See the PowerShell example for more detail. ::: zone-end
::: zone pivot="programming-language-python"
Data is made available to the function via a DocumentList parameter. Changes made to the document are not automatically persisted. ::: zone-end

[!INCLUDE functions-cosmosdb-connections]

Next steps