Do not ICE on generic const expr referencing missing ty param

[estebank]

Make ParamEnv::find_ty_from_env return an Option<Ty>> so if a const has a type corresponding to an unknown type parameter, we don't ICE when using generic_const_exprs:

#![allow(incomplete_features)]
#![feature(generic_const_exprs, adt_const_params)]
struct X<
    const FN: () = {
        || {
            let _: [(); B]; //~ ERROR cannot find value `B` in this scope
            //~^ ERROR the constant `FN` is not of type `()`
        };
    },
>;
fn main() {}

Fix #142709.

[rustbot]

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[rustbot]

Some changes occurred to the core trait solver

cc @rust-lang/initiative-trait-system-refactor

[compiler-errors]

I'm pretty certain it's an explicit design choice that find_ty_from_env ICEs when it cannot find a param in-scope, because it's (almost) always a sign of a more underlying bug with param resolution and the way we set up the anonymous const's generics when GCE is enabled.

Given that GCE is on its way out, I'm not totally sure if this fix should be merged. I'll defer to @BoxyUwU of course.

[compiler-errors]

Also, could you please write up an explanation for why this actually fixes the bug that it does? Given the subtle interaction, it's not necessarily clear why this ICE triggers in the first place, and why we're trying to look up a const param that's not present in the param-env.

Specifically, there seem to be a lot of pieces that are necessary, like the closure, and some that aren't, like that B parameter can be replaced with any non-trivial generic const.

[rust-log-analyzer]

The job aarch64-gnu-llvm-19-1 failed! Check out the build log: (web) (plain)

Click to see the possible cause of the failure (guessed by this bot)

test [crashes] tests/crashes/128094.rs ... ok
test [crashes] tests/crashes/129095.rs ... ok
test [crashes] tests/crashes/129109.rs ... ok
test [crashes] tests/crashes/129425.rs ... ok
2025-06-20T22:00:06.741683Z ERROR compiletest::runtest: fatal error, panic: "crashtest no longer crashes/triggers ICE, hooray! Please give it a meaningful name, add a doc-comment to the start of the test explaining why it exists and move it to tests/ui or wherever you see fit. Adding 'Fixes #<issueNr>' to your PR description ensures that the corresponding ticket is auto-closed upon merge. If you want to see verbose output, set `COMPILETEST_VERBOSE_CRASHES=1`."
test [crashes] tests/crashes/129209.rs ... FAILED
test [crashes] tests/crashes/129556.rs ... ok
test [crashes] tests/crashes/130346.rs ... ok
test [crashes] tests/crashes/130395.rs ... ok
test [crashes] tests/crashes/130411.rs ... ok
---
test [crashes] tests/crashes/140577.rs ... ok
test [crashes] tests/crashes/140850.rs ... ok
test [crashes] tests/crashes/140729.rs ... ok
test [crashes] tests/crashes/140860.rs ... ok
2025-06-20T22:00:10.741641Z ERROR compiletest::runtest: fatal error, panic: "crashtest no longer crashes/triggers ICE, hooray! Please give it a meaningful name, add a doc-comment to the start of the test explaining why it exists and move it to tests/ui or wherever you see fit. Adding 'Fixes #<issueNr>' to your PR description ensures that the corresponding ticket is auto-closed upon merge. If you want to see verbose output, set `COMPILETEST_VERBOSE_CRASHES=1`."
test [crashes] tests/crashes/140891.rs ... FAILED
test [crashes] tests/crashes/34127.rs ... ignored, only executed when the architecture is x86_64
test [crashes] tests/crashes/54888.rs ... ok
test [crashes] tests/crashes/141124.rs ... ok
test [crashes] tests/crashes/87577.rs ... ok
---
failures:

---- [crashes] tests/crashes/129209.rs stdout ----

error: crashtest no longer crashes/triggers ICE, hooray! Please give it a meaningful name, add a doc-comment to the start of the test explaining why it exists and move it to tests/ui or wherever you see fit. Adding 'Fixes #<issueNr>' to your PR description ensures that the corresponding ticket is auto-closed upon merge. If you want to see verbose output, set `COMPILETEST_VERBOSE_CRASHES=1`.

thread '[crashes] tests/crashes/129209.rs' panicked at src/tools/compiletest/src/runtest/crashes.rs:17:18:
fatal error
note: run with `RUST_BACKTRACE=1` environment variable to display a backtrace

---- [crashes] tests/crashes/140891.rs stdout ----

error: crashtest no longer crashes/triggers ICE, hooray! Please give it a meaningful name, add a doc-comment to the start of the test explaining why it exists and move it to tests/ui or wherever you see fit. Adding 'Fixes #<issueNr>' to your PR description ensures that the corresponding ticket is auto-closed upon merge. If you want to see verbose output, set `COMPILETEST_VERBOSE_CRASHES=1`.

thread '[crashes] tests/crashes/140891.rs' panicked at src/tools/compiletest/src/runtest/crashes.rs:17:18:
fatal error