Fix AppSec ActiveRecord instrumentation for Rails 4 and ruby < 2.7

[y9v]

What does this PR do?
This PR fixes AppSec ActiveRecord instrumentation for Rails version 4.

Motivation:
AppSec ActiveRecord instrumentation raised ArgumentError with Rails 4 and Ruby < 2.7.

The reason for this was the fact that Ruby versions older than 2.7 passed empty hash as a positional argument for empty hash splat.
https://rubyreferences.github.io/rubychanges/2.7.html#keyword-argument-related-changes

Change log entry
Yes. AppSec: Fix ActiveRecord instrumentation for Rails 4 and ruby < 2.7

Additional Notes:
None

How to test the change?
CI and manual testing.

[datadog-datadog-prod-us1]

Datadog Report

Branch report: appsec-fix-active-record-instrumentation-for-rails4
Commit report: 82cb155
Test service: dd-trace-rb

✅ 0 Failed, 20781 Passed, 1379 Skipped, 3m 14.63s Total Time

[pr-commenter]

Benchmarks

Benchmark execution time: 2025-02-27 09:56:15

Comparing candidate commit 82cb155 in PR branch appsec-fix-active-record-instrumentation-for-rails4 with baseline commit fa88415 in branch master.

Found 0 performance improvements and 2 performance regressions! Performance is the same for 29 metrics, 2 unstable metrics.

scenario:tracing - Propagation - Datadog

• 🟥 throughput [-2951.248op/s; -2871.201op/s] or [-8.972%; -8.728%]

scenario:tracing - Tracing.log_correlation

• 🟥 throughput [-7608.068op/s; -7285.051op/s] or [-6.451%; -6.177%]

[codecov-commenter]

Codecov Report

Attention: Patch coverage is 72.72727% with 12 lines in your changes missing coverage. Please review.

Project coverage is 97.68%. Comparing base (fa88415) to head (82cb155).

Files with missing lines	Patch %	Lines
...ib/datadog/appsec/contrib/active_record/patcher.rb	70.58%	10 Missing ⚠️
...og/appsec/contrib/active_record/instrumentation.rb	80.00%	2 Missing ⚠️

Additional details and impacted files

@@            Coverage Diff             @@
##           master    #4437      +/-   ##
==========================================
- Coverage   97.71%   97.68%   -0.03%     
==========================================
  Files        1374     1374              
  Lines       83755    83806      +51     
  Branches     4236     4249      +13     
==========================================
+ Hits        81841    81870      +29     
- Misses       1914     1936      +22     

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[Strech]

👏🏼 Well done