tutorial-load-balancer-ip-backend-portal.md

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Tutorial: Create a public load balancer with an IP-based backend - Azure portal	Azure Load Balancer	In this tutorial, learn how to create a public load balancer with an IP based backend pool.	greg-lindsay	greglin	load-balancer	tutorial	08/06/2021	template-tutorial

Tutorial: Create a public load balancer with an IP-based backend using the Azure portal

In this tutorial, you'll learn how to create a public load balancer with an IP based backend pool.

A traditional deployment of Azure Load Balancer uses the network interface of the virtual machines. With an IP-based backend, the virtual machines are added to the backend by IP address.

In this tutorial, you learn how to:

[!div class="checklist"]

• Create a virtual network
• Create a NAT gateway for outbound connectivity
• Create an Azure Load Balancer
• Create an IP based backend pool
• Create two virtual machines
• Test the load balancer

Prerequisites

• An Azure account with an active subscription. Create an account for free.

Create a virtual network

In this section, you'll create a virtual network for the load balancer, NAT gateway, and virtual machines.

1. Sign in to the Azure portal.

2. On the upper-left side of the screen, select Create a resource > Networking > Virtual network or search for Virtual network in the search box.

3. Select Create.

4. In Create virtual network, enter or select this information in the Basics tab:

   Setting	Value
   Project Details
   Subscription	Select your Azure subscription
   Resource Group	Select TutorPubLBIP-rg
   Instance details
   Name	Enter myVNet
   Region	Select (US) East US

5. Select the IP Addresses tab or select the Next: IP Addresses button at the bottom of the page.

6. In the IP Addresses tab, enter this information:

   Setting	Value
   IPv4 address space	Enter 10.1.0.0/16

7. Under Subnet name, select the word default.

8. In Edit subnet, enter this information:

   Setting	Value
   Subnet name	Enter myBackendSubnet
   Subnet address range	Enter 10.1.0.0/24

9. Select Save.

10. Select the Security tab.

11. Under BastionHost, select Enable. Enter this information:

    Setting	Value
    Bastion name	Enter myBastionHost
    AzureBastionSubnet address space	Enter 10.1.1.0/27
    Public IP Address	Select Create new. For Name, enter myBastionIP. Select OK.

12. Select the Review + create tab or select the Review + create button.

13. Select Create.

Create NAT gateway

In this section, you'll create a NAT gateway and assign it to the subnet in the virtual network you created previously.

1. On the upper-left side of the screen, select Create a resource > Networking > NAT gateway or search for NAT gateway in the search box.

2. Select Create.

3. In Create network address translation (NAT) gateway, enter or select this information in the Basics tab:

   Setting	Value
   Project Details
   Subscription	Select your Azure subscription.
   Resource Group	Select Create new and enter TutorPubLBIP-rg in the text box. Select OK.
   Instance details
   Name	Enter myNATgateway
   Region	Select (US) East US
   Availability Zone	Select None.
   Idle timeout (minutes)	Enter 10.

4. Select the Outbound IP tab, or select the Next: Outbound IP button at the bottom of the page.

5. In the Outbound IP tab, enter or select the following information:

   Setting	Value
   Public IP addresses	Select Create a new public IP address. In Name, enter myPublicIP-NAT. Select OK.

6. Select the Subnet tab, or select the Next: Subnet button at the bottom of the page.

7. In the Subnet tab, select myVNet in the Virtual network pull-down.

8. Check the box next to myBackendSubnet.

9. Select the Review + create tab, or select the blue Review + create button at the bottom of the page.

10. Select Create.

Create load balancer

In this section, you'll create a zone redundant load balancer that load balances virtual machines. With zone-redundancy, one or more availability zones can fail and the data path survives as long as one zone in the region remains healthy.

During the creation of the load balancer, you'll configure:

• Frontend IP address
• Backend pool
• Inbound load-balancing rules

1. In the search box at the top of the portal, enter Load balancer. Select Load balancers in the search results.

2. In the Load balancer page, select Create.

3. In the Basics tab of the Create load balancer page, enter, or select the following information:

   Setting	Value
   Project details
   Subscription	Select your subscription.
   Resource group	Select TutorPubLBIP-rg.
   Instance details
   Name	Enter myLoadBalancer
   Region	Select (US) East US.
   Type	Select Public.
   SKU	Leave the default Standard.
   Tier	Leave the default Regional.

4. Select Next: Frontend IP configuration at the bottom of the page.

5. In Frontend IP configuration, select + Add a frontend IP.

6. Enter LoadBalancerFrontend in Name.

7. Select IPv4 or IPv6 for the IP version.

   [!NOTE] IPv6 isn't currently supported with Routing Preference or Cross-region load-balancing (Global Tier).

8. Select IP address for the IP type.

   [!NOTE] For more information on IP prefixes, see Azure Public IP address prefix.

9. Select Create new in Public IP address.

10. In Add a public IP address, enter myPublicIP for Name.

11. Select Zone-redundant in Availability zone.

    [!NOTE] In regions with Availability Zones, you have the option to select no-zone (default option), a specific zone, or zone-redundant. The choice will depend on your specific domain failure requirements. In regions without Availability Zones, this field won't appear.
    For more information on availability zones, see Availability zones overview.

12. Leave the default of Microsoft Network for Routing preference.

13. Select OK.

14. Select Add.

15. Select Next: Backend pools at the bottom of the page.

16. In the Backend pools tab, select + Add a backend pool.

17. Enter myBackendPool for Name in Add backend pool.

18. Select myVNet in Virtual network.

19. Select IP Address for Backend Pool Configuration.

20. Select IPv4 or IPv6 for IP version.

21. Select Add.

22. Select the Next: Inbound rules button at the bottom of the page.

23. In Load balancing rule in the Inbound rules tab, select + Add a load balancing rule.

24. In Add load balancing rule, enter or select the following information:

    Setting	Value
    Name	Enter myHTTPRule
    IP Version	Select IPv4 or IPv6 depending on your requirements.
    Frontend IP address	Select LoadBalancerFrontend.
    Protocol	Select TCP.
    Port	Enter 80.
    Backend port	Enter 80.
    Backend pool	Select myBackendPool.
    Health probe	Select Create new. In Name, enter myHealthProbe. Select HTTP in Protocol. Leave the rest of the defaults, and select OK.
    Session persistence	Select None.
    Idle timeout (minutes)	Enter or select 15.
    TCP reset	Select Enabled.
    Floating IP	Select Disabled.
    Outbound source network address translation (SNAT)	Leave the default of (Recommended) Use outbound rules to provide backend pool members access to the internet.

25. Select Add.

26. Select the blue Review + create button at the bottom of the page.

27. Select Create.

    [!NOTE] In this example we created a NAT gateway to provide outbound Internet access. The outbound rules tab in the configuration is bypassed as it's optional isn't needed with the NAT gateway. For more information on Azure NAT gateway, see What is Azure Virtual Network NAT? For more information about outbound connections in Azure, see Source Network Address Translation (SNAT) for outbound connections

Create virtual machines

In this section, you'll create two VMs (myVM1 and myVM2) in two different zones (Zone 1 and Zone 2).

These VMs are added to the backend pool of the load balancer that was created earlier.

1. On the upper-left side of the portal, select Create a resource > Compute > Virtual machine.

2. In Create a virtual machine, enter or select the values in the Basics tab:

   Setting	Value
   Project Details
   Subscription	Select your Azure subscription
   Resource Group	Select TutorPubLBIP-rg
   Instance details
   Virtual machine name	Enter myVM1
   Region	Select (US) East US
   Availability Options	Select Availability zones
   Availability zone	Select 1
   Image	Select Windows Server 2019 Datacenter
   Azure Spot instance	Leave the default
   Size	Choose VM size or take default setting
   Administrator account
   Username	Enter a username
   Password	Enter a password
   Confirm password	Reenter password
   Inbound port rules
   Public inbound ports	Select None

3. Select the Networking tab, or select Next: Disks, then Next: Networking.

4. In the Networking tab, select or enter:

   Setting	Value
   Network interface
   Virtual network	myVNet
   Subnet	myBackendSubnet
   Public IP	Select None.
   NIC network security group	Select Advanced
   Configure network security group	Select Create new. In the Create network security group, enter myNSG in Name. Within Inbound rules, select +Add an inbound rule. Under Service, select HTTP. In Priority, enter 100. Under Name, enter myNSGRule Select Add Select OK
   Load balancing
   Place this virtual machine behind an existing load-balancing solution?	Select the check box.
   Load balancing settings
   Load balancing options	Select Azure load balancer
   Select a load balancer	Select myLoadBalancer
   Select a backend pool	Select myBackendPool

5. Select Review + create.

6. Review the settings, and then select Create.

7. Follow the steps 1 to 6 to create a VM with the following values and all the other settings the same as myVM1:

   Setting	VM 2
   Name	myVM2
   Availability zone	2
   Network security group	Select the existing myNSG

Install IIS

1. Select All services in the left-hand menu, select All resources, and then from the resources list, select myVM1 that is located in the TutorPubLBIP-rg resource group.

2. On the Overview page, select Connect, then Bastion.

3. Select the Use Bastion button.

4. Enter the username and password entered during VM creation.

5. Select Connect.

6. On the server desktop, navigate to Windows Administrative Tools > Windows PowerShell.

7. In the PowerShell Window, run the following commands to:

   • Install the IIS server
   • Remove the default iisstart.htm file
   • Add a new iisstart.htm file that displays the name of the VM:

    # Install IIS server role
    Install-WindowsFeature -name Web-Server -IncludeManagementTools
    
    # Remove default htm file
    Remove-Item C:\inetpub\wwwroot\iisstart.htm
    
    # Add a new htm file that displays server name
    Add-Content -Path "C:\inetpub\wwwroot\iisstart.htm" -Value $("Hello World from " + $env:computername)

8. Close the Bastion session with myVM1.

9. Repeat steps 1 to 7 to install IIS and the updated iisstart.htm file on myVM2.

Test the load balancer

1. Find the public IP address for the load balancer on the Overview screen. Select All services in the left-hand menu, select All resources, and then select myPublicIP-LB.

2. Copy the public IP address, and then paste it into the address bar of your browser. The default page of IIS Web server is displayed on the browser.

   

To see the load balancer distribute traffic to myVM2, force-refresh your web browser from the client machine.

Clean up resources

If you're not going to continue to use this application, delete the virtual network, virtual machine, and NAT gateway with the following steps:

1. From the left-hand menu, select Resource groups.

2. Select the TutorPubLBIP-rg resource group.

3. Select Delete resource group.

4. Enter TutorPubLBIP-rg and select Delete.

Next steps

In this tutorial you:

• Created a virtual network
• Created a NAT gateway
• Created a load balancer with an IP-based backend pool
• Tested the load balancer

Advance to the next article to learn how to create a cross-region load balancer:

[!div class="nextstepaction"] Create a cross-region Azure Load Balancer using the Azure portal