quickstart-load-balancer-standard-public-powershell.md

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Quickstart: Create a public load balancer - Azure PowerShell	Azure Load Balancer	This quickstart shows how to create a load balancer using Azure PowerShell	greg-lindsay	greglin	03/17/2022	quickstart	load-balancer	devx-track-azurepowershell, mode-api

Quickstart: Create a public load balancer to load balance VMs using Azure PowerShell

Get started with Azure Load Balancer by using Azure PowerShell to create a public load balancer and two virtual machines.

Prerequisites

• An Azure account with an active subscription. Create an account for free

• Azure PowerShell installed locally or Azure Cloud Shell

If you choose to install and use PowerShell locally, this article requires the Azure PowerShell module version 5.4.1 or later. Run Get-Module -ListAvailable Az to find the installed version. If you need to upgrade, see Install Azure PowerShell module. If you're running PowerShell locally, you also need to run Connect-AzAccount to create a connection with Azure.

Create a resource group

An Azure resource group is a logical container into which Azure resources are deployed and managed.

Create a resource group with New-AzResourceGroup:

$rg = @{
    Name = 'CreatePubLBQS-rg'
    Location = 'eastus'
}
New-AzResourceGroup @rg

Create a public IP address

Use New-AzPublicIpAddress to create a public IP address.

$publicip = @{
    Name = 'myPublicIP'
    ResourceGroupName = 'CreatePubLBQS-rg'
    Location = 'eastus'
    Sku = 'Standard'
    AllocationMethod = 'static'
    Zone = 1,2,3
}
New-AzPublicIpAddress @publicip

To create a zonal public IP address in zone 1, use the following command:

$publicip = @{
    Name = 'myPublicIP'
    ResourceGroupName = 'CreatePubLBQS-rg'
    Location = 'eastus'
    Sku = 'Standard'
    AllocationMethod = 'static'
    Zone = 1
}
New-AzPublicIpAddress @publicip

Create a load balancer

This section details how you can create and configure the following components of the load balancer:

• Create a front-end IP with New-AzLoadBalancerFrontendIpConfig for the frontend IP pool. This IP receives the incoming traffic on the load balancer

• Create a back-end address pool with New-AzLoadBalancerBackendAddressPoolConfig for traffic sent from the frontend of the load balancer. This pool is where your backend virtual machines are deployed

• Create a health probe with Add-AzLoadBalancerProbeConfig that determines the health of the backend VM instances

• Create a load balancer rule with Add-AzLoadBalancerRuleConfig that defines how traffic is distributed to the VMs

• Create a public load balancer with New-AzLoadBalancer

## Place public IP created in previous steps into variable. ##
$pip = @{
    Name = 'myPublicIP'
    ResourceGroupName = 'CreatePubLBQS-rg'
}
$publicIp = Get-AzPublicIpAddress @pip

## Create load balancer frontend configuration and place in variable. ##
$fip = @{
    Name = 'myFrontEnd'
    PublicIpAddress = $publicIp 
}
$feip = New-AzLoadBalancerFrontendIpConfig @fip

## Create backend address pool configuration and place in variable. ##
$bepool = New-AzLoadBalancerBackendAddressPoolConfig -Name 'myBackEndPool'

## Create the health probe and place in variable. ##
$probe = @{
    Name = 'myHealthProbe'
    Protocol = 'tcp'
    Port = '80'
    IntervalInSeconds = '360'
    ProbeCount = '5'
}
$healthprobe = New-AzLoadBalancerProbeConfig @probe

## Create the load balancer rule and place in variable. ##
$lbrule = @{
    Name = 'myHTTPRule'
    Protocol = 'tcp'
    FrontendPort = '80'
    BackendPort = '80'
    IdleTimeoutInMinutes = '15'
    FrontendIpConfiguration = $feip
    BackendAddressPool = $bePool
}
$rule = New-AzLoadBalancerRuleConfig @lbrule -EnableTcpReset -DisableOutboundSNAT

## Create the load balancer resource. ##
$loadbalancer = @{
    ResourceGroupName = 'CreatePubLBQS-rg'
    Name = 'myLoadBalancer'
    Location = 'eastus'
    Sku = 'Standard'
    FrontendIpConfiguration = $feip
    BackendAddressPool = $bePool
    LoadBalancingRule = $rule
    Probe = $healthprobe
}
New-AzLoadBalancer @loadbalancer

Configure virtual network

Before you deploy VMs and test your load balancer, create the supporting virtual network resources.

Create a virtual network for the backend virtual machines.

Create a network security group to define inbound connections to your virtual network.

Create an Azure Bastion host to securely manage the virtual machines in the backend pool.

Use a NAT gateway to provide outbound internet access to resources in the backend pool of your load balancer.

Create virtual network, network security group, bastion host, and NAT gateway

• Create a virtual network with New-AzVirtualNetwork

• Create a network security group rule with New-AzNetworkSecurityRuleConfig

• Create an Azure Bastion host with New-AzBastion

• Create a network security group with New-AzNetworkSecurityGroup

• Create the NAT gateway resource with New-AzNatGateway

• Use New-AzVirtualNetworkSubnetConfig to associate the NAT gateway to the subnet of the virtual network

## Create public IP address for NAT gateway ##
$ip = @{
    Name = 'myNATgatewayIP'
    ResourceGroupName = 'CreatePubLBQS-rg'
    Location = 'eastus'
    Sku = 'Standard'
    AllocationMethod = 'Static'
}
$publicIP = New-AzPublicIpAddress @ip

## Create NAT gateway resource ##
$nat = @{
    ResourceGroupName = 'CreatePubLBQS-rg'
    Name = 'myNATgateway'
    IdleTimeoutInMinutes = '10'
    Sku = 'Standard'
    Location = 'eastus'
    PublicIpAddress = $publicIP
}
$natGateway = New-AzNatGateway @nat

## Create backend subnet config ##
$subnet = @{
    Name = 'myBackendSubnet'
    AddressPrefix = '10.1.0.0/24'
    NatGateway = $natGateway
}
$subnetConfig = New-AzVirtualNetworkSubnetConfig @subnet 

## Create Azure Bastion subnet. ##
$bastsubnet = @{
    Name = 'AzureBastionSubnet' 
    AddressPrefix = '10.1.1.0/24'
}
$bastsubnetConfig = New-AzVirtualNetworkSubnetConfig @bastsubnet

## Create the virtual network ##
$net = @{
    Name = 'myVNet'
    ResourceGroupName = 'CreatePubLBQS-rg'
    Location = 'eastus'
    AddressPrefix = '10.1.0.0/16'
    Subnet = $subnetConfig,$bastsubnetConfig
}
$vnet = New-AzVirtualNetwork @net

## Create public IP address for bastion host. ##
$ip = @{
    Name = 'myBastionIP'
    ResourceGroupName = 'CreatePubLBQS-rg'
    Location = 'eastus'
    Sku = 'Standard'
    AllocationMethod = 'Static'
}
$publicip = New-AzPublicIpAddress @ip

## Create bastion host ##
$bastion = @{
    ResourceGroupName = 'CreatePubLBQS-rg'
    Name = 'myBastion'
    PublicIpAddress = $publicip
    VirtualNetwork = $vnet
}
New-AzBastion @bastion -AsJob

## Create rule for network security group and place in variable. ##
$nsgrule = @{
    Name = 'myNSGRuleHTTP'
    Description = 'Allow HTTP'
    Protocol = '*'
    SourcePortRange = '*'
    DestinationPortRange = '80'
    SourceAddressPrefix = 'Internet'
    DestinationAddressPrefix = '*'
    Access = 'Allow'
    Priority = '2000'
    Direction = 'Inbound'
}
$rule1 = New-AzNetworkSecurityRuleConfig @nsgrule

## Create network security group ##
$nsg = @{
    Name = 'myNSG'
    ResourceGroupName = 'CreatePubLBQS-rg'
    Location = 'eastus'
    SecurityRules = $rule1
}
New-AzNetworkSecurityGroup @nsg

Create virtual machines

In this section, you'll create the two virtual machines for the backend pool of the load balancer.

• Create two network interfaces with New-AzNetworkInterface

• Set an administrator username and password for the VMs with Get-Credential

• Create the virtual machines with:

  • New-AzVM

  • New-AzVMConfig

  • Set-AzVMOperatingSystem

  • Set-AzVMSourceImage

  • Add-AzVMNetworkInterface

# Set the administrator and password for the VMs. ##
$cred = Get-Credential

## Place the virtual network into a variable. ##
$net = @{
    Name = 'myVNet'
    ResourceGroupName = 'CreatePubLBQS-rg'
}
$vnet = Get-AzVirtualNetwork @net

## Place the load balancer into a variable. ##
$lb = @{
    Name = 'myLoadBalancer'
    ResourceGroupName = 'CreatePubLBQS-rg'
}
$bepool = Get-AzLoadBalancer @lb  | Get-AzLoadBalancerBackendAddressPoolConfig

## Place the network security group into a variable. ##
$ns = @{
    Name = 'myNSG'
    ResourceGroupName = 'CreatePubLBQS-rg'
}
$nsg = Get-AzNetworkSecurityGroup @ns

## For loop with variable to create virtual machines for load balancer backend pool. ##
for ($i=1; $i -le 2; $i++)
{
    ## Command to create network interface for VMs ##
    $nic = @{
        Name = "myNicVM$i"
        ResourceGroupName = 'CreatePubLBQS-rg'
        Location = 'eastus'
        Subnet = $vnet.Subnets[0]
        NetworkSecurityGroup = $nsg
        LoadBalancerBackendAddressPool = $bepool
    }
    $nicVM = New-AzNetworkInterface @nic

    ## Create a virtual machine configuration for VMs ##
    $vmsz = @{
        VMName = "myVM$i"
        VMSize = 'Standard_DS1_v2'  
    }
    $vmos = @{
        ComputerName = "myVM$i"
        Credential = $cred
    }
    $vmimage = @{
        PublisherName = 'MicrosoftWindowsServer'
        Offer = 'WindowsServer'
        Skus = '2019-Datacenter'
        Version = 'latest'    
    }
    $vmConfig = New-AzVMConfig @vmsz `
        | Set-AzVMOperatingSystem @vmos -Windows `
        | Set-AzVMSourceImage @vmimage `
        | Add-AzVMNetworkInterface -Id $nicVM.Id

    ## Create the virtual machine for VMs ##
    $vm = @{
        ResourceGroupName = 'CreatePubLBQS-rg'
        Location = 'eastus'
        VM = $vmConfig
        Zone = "$i"
    }
    New-AzVM @vm -AsJob
}

The deployments of the virtual machines and bastion host are submitted as PowerShell jobs. To view the status of the jobs, use Get-Job:

Get-Job

Id     Name            PSJobTypeName   State         HasMoreData     Location             Command
--     ----            -------------   -----         -----------     --------             -------
1      Long Running O… AzureLongRunni… Completed     True            localhost            New-AzBastion
2      Long Running O… AzureLongRunni… Completed     True            localhost            New-AzVM
3      Long Running O… AzureLongRunni… Completed     True            localhost            New-AzVM

Ensure the State of the VM creation is Completed before moving on to the next steps.

[!INCLUDE ephemeral-ip-note.md]

Install IIS

Use Set-AzVMExtension to install the Custom Script Extension.

The extension runs PowerShell Add-WindowsFeature Web-Server to install the IIS webserver and then updates the Default.htm page to show the hostname of the VM:

Important

Ensure the virtual machine deployments have completed from the previous steps before proceeding. Use Get-Job to check the status of the virtual machine deployment jobs.

## For loop with variable to install custom script extension on virtual machines. ##
for ($i=1; $i -le 2; $i++)
{
$ext = @{
    Publisher = 'Microsoft.Compute'
    ExtensionType = 'CustomScriptExtension'
    ExtensionName = 'IIS'
    ResourceGroupName = 'CreatePubLBQS-rg'
    VMName = "myVM$i"
    Location = 'eastus'
    TypeHandlerVersion = '1.8'
    SettingString = '{"commandToExecute":"powershell Add-WindowsFeature Web-Server; powershell Add-Content -Path \"C:\\inetpub\\wwwroot\\Default.htm\" -Value $($env:computername)"}'
}
Set-AzVMExtension @ext -AsJob
}

The extensions are deployed as PowerShell jobs. To view the status of the installation jobs, use Get-Job:

Get-Job

Id     Name            PSJobTypeName   State         HasMoreData     Location             Command
--     ----            -------------   -----         -----------     --------             -------
8      Long Running O… AzureLongRunni… Running       True            localhost            Set-AzVMExtension
9      Long Running O… AzureLongRunni… Running       True            localhost            Set-AzVMExtension

Ensure the State of the jobs is Completed before moving on to the next steps.

Test the load balancer

Use Get-AzPublicIpAddress to get the public IP address of the load balancer:

$ip = @{
    ResourceGroupName = 'CreatePubLBQS-rg'
    Name = 'myPublicIP'
}  
Get-AzPublicIPAddress @ip | select IpAddress

Copy the public IP address, and then paste it into the address bar of your browser. The default page of IIS Web server is displayed on the browser.

:::image type="content" source="./media/quickstart-load-balancer-standard-public-portal/load-balancer-test.png" alt-text="Screenshot of the load balancer test web page.":::

Clean up resources

When no longer needed, you can use the Remove-AzResourceGroup command to remove the resource group, load balancer, and the remaining resources.

Remove-AzResourceGroup -Name 'CreatePubLBQS-rg'

Next steps

In this quickstart, you:

• Created an Azure Load Balancer

• Attached 2 VMs to the load balancer

• Tested the load balancer

To learn more about Azure Load Balancer, continue to:

[!div class="nextstepaction"] What is Azure Load Balancer?