m0820.py

"""Short Encoding of Words
A valid encoding of an array of words is any reference string s and array of
indices indices such that:

* words.length == indices.length
* The reference string s ends with the '#' character.
* For each index indices[i], the substring of s starting from indices[i] and up
  to (but not including) the next '#' character is equal to words[i].

Given an array of words, return the length of the shortest reference string s
possible of any valid encoding of words.

Example 1:

* Input: words = ["time", "me", "bell"]
* Output: 10
* Explanation: A valid encoding would be s = "time#bell#" and
  indices = [0, 2, 5]. words[0] = "time", the substring of s starting from
  indices[0] = 0 to the next '#' is underlined in "time#bell#"

  words[1] = "me", the substring of s starting from indices[1] = 2 to the next
  '#' is underlined in "time#bell#"
  words[2] = "bell", the substring of s starting from indices[2] = 5 to the
  next '#' is underlined in "time#bell#"

Example 2:

* Input: words = ["t"]
* Output: 2
* Explanation: A valid encoding would be s = "t#" and indices = [0].

Constraints:

* 1 <= words.length <= 2000
* 1 <= words[i].length <= 7
* words[i] consists of only lowercase letters.
"""