Python: new pre-commit actions and pre-commit as GHA (microsoft#6376)

### Motivation and Context

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  2. What problem does it solve?
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- Added static code checking to pre-commit (check-ast and
nbqa-check-ast)
- Added Bandit security checking to pre-commit
- Added pre-commit step to python-lint workflow, if it works, can delete
seperate mypy, ruff and black tests

### Description

<!-- Describe your changes, the overall approach, the underlying design.
These notes will help understanding how your code works. Thanks! -->

### Contribution Checklist

<!-- Before submitting this PR, please make sure: -->

- [x] The code builds clean without any errors or warnings
- [x] The PR follows the [SK Contribution
Guidelines](https://github.com/microsoft/semantic-kernel/blob/main/CONTRIBUTING.md)
and the [pre-submission formatting
script](https://github.com/microsoft/semantic-kernel/blob/main/CONTRIBUTING.md#development-scripts)
raises no violations
- [x] All unit tests pass, and I have added new tests where possible
- [x] I didn't break anyone 😄

Author: eavanvalkenburg

.github/workflows/python-lint.yml

@@ -7,67 +7,22 @@ on:
       - 'python/**'
 
 jobs:
-  ruff:
+  pre-commit:
     if: '!cancelled()'
     strategy:
       fail-fast: false
       matrix:
         python-version: ["3.10"]
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
-    timeout-minutes: 5
+    continue-on-error: true
     steps:
-      - run: echo "/root/.local/bin" >> $GITHUB_PATH
       - uses: actions/checkout@v4
       - name: Install poetry
         run: pipx install poetry
       - uses: actions/setup-python@v5
         with:
           python-version: ${{ matrix.python-version }}
           cache: "poetry"
-      - name: Install Semantic Kernel
-        run: cd python && poetry install --no-ansi
-      - name: Run ruff
-        run: cd python && poetry run ruff check .
-  black:
-    if: '!cancelled()'
-    strategy:
-      fail-fast: false
-      matrix:
-        python-version: ["3.10"]
-    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
-    timeout-minutes: 5
-    steps:
-      - run: echo "/root/.local/bin" >> $GITHUB_PATH
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
-      - name: Install poetry
-        run: pipx install poetry
-      - uses: actions/setup-python@v5
-        with:
-          python-version: ${{ matrix.python-version }}
-          cache: "poetry"
-      - name: Install Semantic Kernel
-        run: cd python && poetry install --no-ansi
-      - name: Run black
-        run: cd python && poetry run black --check .
-  mypy:
-    if: '!cancelled()'
-    strategy:
-      fail-fast: false
-      matrix:
-        python-version: ["3.10"]
-    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
-    timeout-minutes: 5
-    steps:
-      - run: echo "/root/.local/bin" >> $GITHUB_PATH
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
-      - name: Install poetry
-        run: pipx install poetry
-      - uses: actions/setup-python@v5
-        with:
-          python-version: ${{ matrix.python-version }}
-          cache: "poetry"
-      - name: Install Semantic Kernel
-        run: cd python && poetry install --no-ansi
-      - name: Run mypy
-        run: cd python && poetry run mypy -p semantic_kernel --config-file=mypy.ini
-
+      - name: Install dependencies
+        run: cd python && poetry install
+      - uses: pre-commit/action@v3.0.1

.github/workflows/python-test-coverage.yml

@@ -10,7 +10,6 @@ jobs:
   python-tests-coverage:
     name: Create Test Coverage Messages
     runs-on: ${{ matrix.os }}
-    continue-on-error: true
     permissions:
       pull-requests: write
       contents: read
@@ -21,14 +20,17 @@ jobs:
         os: [ubuntu-latest]
     steps:
       - name: Wait for unit tests to succeed
+        continue-on-error: true
         uses: lewagon/wait-on-check-action@v1.3.4
         with:
           ref: ${{ github.event.pull_request.head.sha }}
           check-name: 'Python Unit Tests (${{ matrix.python-version}}, ${{ matrix.os }})'
           repo-token: ${{ secrets.GH_ACTIONS_PR_WRITE }}
           wait-interval: 10
+          allowed-conclusions: success
       - uses: actions/checkout@v4
       - name: Download coverage
+        continue-on-error: true
         uses: dawidd6/action-download-artifact@v3
         with:
           name: python-coverage-${{ matrix.os }}-${{ matrix.python-version }}.txt
@@ -37,6 +39,7 @@ jobs:
           search_artifacts: true
           if_no_artifact_found: warn
       - name: Download pytest
+        continue-on-error: true
         uses: dawidd6/action-download-artifact@v3
         with:
           name: pytest-${{ matrix.os }}-${{ matrix.python-version }}.xml
@@ -45,6 +48,7 @@ jobs:
           search_artifacts: true
           if_no_artifact_found: warn
       - name: Pytest coverage comment
+        continue-on-error: true
         id: coverageComment
         uses: MishaKav/pytest-coverage-comment@main
         with: