f2fs: fix to avoid potential deadlock in f2fs_record_stop_reason()

syzbot reports deadlock issue of f2fs as below:

======================================================
WARNING: possible circular locking dependency detected
6.12.0-rc3-syzkaller-00087-gc964ced77262 #0 Not tainted
------------------------------------------------------
kswapd0/79 is trying to acquire lock:
ffff888011824088 (&sbi->sb_lock){++++}-{3:3}, at: f2fs_down_write fs/f2fs/f2fs.h:2199 [inline]
ffff888011824088 (&sbi->sb_lock){++++}-{3:3}, at: f2fs_record_stop_reason+0x52/0x1d0 fs/f2fs/super.c:4068

but task is already holding lock:
ffff88804bd92610 (sb_internal#2){.+.+}-{0:0}, at: f2fs_evict_inode+0x662/0x15c0 fs/f2fs/inode.c:842

which lock already depends on the new lock.

the existing dependency chain (in reverse order) is:

-> #2 (sb_internal#2){.+.+}-{0:0}:
       lock_acquire+0x1ed/0x550 kernel/locking/lockdep.c:5825
       percpu_down_read include/linux/percpu-rwsem.h:51 [inline]
       __sb_start_write include/linux/fs.h:1716 [inline]
       sb_start_intwrite+0x4d/0x1c0 include/linux/fs.h:1899
       f2fs_evict_inode+0x662/0x15c0 fs/f2fs/inode.c:842
       evict+0x4e8/0x9b0 fs/inode.c:725
       f2fs_evict_inode+0x1a4/0x15c0 fs/f2fs/inode.c:807
       evict+0x4e8/0x9b0 fs/inode.c:725
       dispose_list fs/inode.c:774 [inline]
       prune_icache_sb+0x239/0x2f0 fs/inode.c:963
       super_cache_scan+0x38c/0x4b0 fs/super.c:223
       do_shrink_slab+0x701/0x1160 mm/shrinker.c:435
       shrink_slab+0x1093/0x14d0 mm/shrinker.c:662
       shrink_one+0x43b/0x850 mm/vmscan.c:4818
       shrink_many mm/vmscan.c:4879 [inline]
       lru_gen_shrink_node mm/vmscan.c:4957 [inline]
       shrink_node+0x3799/0x3de0 mm/vmscan.c:5937
       kswapd_shrink_node mm/vmscan.c:6765 [inline]
       balance_pgdat mm/vmscan.c:6957 [inline]
       kswapd+0x1ca3/0x3700 mm/vmscan.c:7226
       kthread+0x2f0/0x390 kernel/kthread.c:389
       ret_from_fork+0x4b/0x80 arch/x86/kernel/process.c:147
       ret_from_fork_asm+0x1a/0x30 arch/x86/entry/entry_64.S:244

-> #1 (fs_reclaim){+.+.}-{0:0}:
       lock_acquire+0x1ed/0x550 kernel/locking/lockdep.c:5825
       __fs_reclaim_acquire mm/page_alloc.c:3834 [inline]
       fs_reclaim_acquire+0x88/0x130 mm/page_alloc.c:3848
       might_alloc include/linux/sched/mm.h:318 [inline]
       prepare_alloc_pages+0x147/0x5b0 mm/page_alloc.c:4493
       __alloc_pages_noprof+0x16f/0x710 mm/page_alloc.c:4722
       alloc_pages_mpol_noprof+0x3e8/0x680 mm/mempolicy.c:2265
       alloc_pages_noprof mm/mempolicy.c:2345 [inline]
       folio_alloc_noprof+0x128/0x180 mm/mempolicy.c:2352
       filemap_alloc_folio_noprof+0xdf/0x500 mm/filemap.c:1010
       do_read_cache_folio+0x2eb/0x850 mm/filemap.c:3787
       read_mapping_folio include/linux/pagemap.h:1011 [inline]
       f2fs_commit_super+0x3c0/0x7d0 fs/f2fs/super.c:4032
       f2fs_record_stop_reason+0x13b/0x1d0 fs/f2fs/super.c:4079
       f2fs_handle_critical_error+0x2ac/0x5c0 fs/f2fs/super.c:4174
       f2fs_write_inode+0x35f/0x4d0 fs/f2fs/inode.c:785
       write_inode fs/fs-writeback.c:1503 [inline]
       __writeback_single_inode+0x711/0x10d0 fs/fs-writeback.c:1723
       writeback_single_inode+0x1f3/0x660 fs/fs-writeback.c:1779
       sync_inode_metadata+0xc4/0x120 fs/fs-writeback.c:2849
       f2fs_release_file+0xa8/0x100 fs/f2fs/file.c:1941
       __fput+0x23f/0x880 fs/file_table.c:431
       task_work_run+0x24f/0x310 kernel/task_work.c:228
       resume_user_mode_work include/linux/resume_user_mode.h:50 [inline]
       exit_to_user_mode_loop kernel/entry/common.c:114 [inline]
       exit_to_user_mode_prepare include/linux/entry-common.h:328 [inline]
       __syscall_exit_to_user_mode_work kernel/entry/common.c:207 [inline]
       syscall_exit_to_user_mode+0x168/0x370 kernel/entry/common.c:218
       do_syscall_64+0x100/0x230 arch/x86/entry/common.c:89
       entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x77/0x7f

-> #0 (&sbi->sb_lock){++++}-{3:3}:
       check_prev_add kernel/locking/lockdep.c:3161 [inline]
       check_prevs_add kernel/locking/lockdep.c:3280 [inline]
       validate_chain+0x18ef/0x5920 kernel/locking/lockdep.c:3904
       __lock_acquire+0x1384/0x2050 kernel/locking/lockdep.c:5202
       lock_acquire+0x1ed/0x550 kernel/locking/lockdep.c:5825
       down_write+0x99/0x220 kernel/locking/rwsem.c:1577
       f2fs_down_write fs/f2fs/f2fs.h:2199 [inline]
       f2fs_record_stop_reason+0x52/0x1d0 fs/f2fs/super.c:4068
       f2fs_handle_critical_error+0x2ac/0x5c0 fs/f2fs/super.c:4174
       f2fs_evict_inode+0xa61/0x15c0 fs/f2fs/inode.c:883
       evict+0x4e8/0x9b0 fs/inode.c:725
       f2fs_evict_inode+0x1a4/0x15c0 fs/f2fs/inode.c:807
       evict+0x4e8/0x9b0 fs/inode.c:725
       dispose_list fs/inode.c:774 [inline]
       prune_icache_sb+0x239/0x2f0 fs/inode.c:963
       super_cache_scan+0x38c/0x4b0 fs/super.c:223
       do_shrink_slab+0x701/0x1160 mm/shrinker.c:435
       shrink_slab+0x1093/0x14d0 mm/shrinker.c:662
       shrink_one+0x43b/0x850 mm/vmscan.c:4818
       shrink_many mm/vmscan.c:4879 [inline]
       lru_gen_shrink_node mm/vmscan.c:4957 [inline]
       shrink_node+0x3799/0x3de0 mm/vmscan.c:5937
       kswapd_shrink_node mm/vmscan.c:6765 [inline]
       balance_pgdat mm/vmscan.c:6957 [inline]
       kswapd+0x1ca3/0x3700 mm/vmscan.c:7226
       kthread+0x2f0/0x390 kernel/kthread.c:389
       ret_from_fork+0x4b/0x80 arch/x86/kernel/process.c:147
       ret_from_fork_asm+0x1a/0x30 arch/x86/entry/entry_64.S:244

other info that might help us debug this:

Chain exists of:
  &sbi->sb_lock --> fs_reclaim --> sb_internal#2

 Possible unsafe locking scenario:

       CPU0                    CPU1
       ----                    ----
  rlock(sb_internal#2);
                               lock(fs_reclaim);
                               lock(sb_internal#2);
  lock(&sbi->sb_lock);

Root cause is there will be potential deadlock in between
below tasks:

Thread A				Kswapd
- f2fs_ioc_commit_atomic_write
 - mnt_want_write_file -- down_read lock A
					- balance_pgdat
					 - __fs_reclaim_acquire  -- lock B
					  - shrink_node
					   - prune_icache_sb
					    - dispose_list
					     - f2fs_evict_inode
					      - sb_start_intwrite  -- down_read lock A
 - f2fs_do_sync_file
  - f2fs_write_inode
   - f2fs_handle_critical_error
    - f2fs_record_stop_reason
     - f2fs_commit_super
      - read_mapping_folio
       - filemap_alloc_folio_noprof
        - fs_reclaim_acquire  -- lock B

Both threads try to acquire read lock of lock A, then its upcoming write
lock grabber will trigger deadlock.

Let's always create an asynchronous task in f2fs_handle_critical_error()
rather than calling f2fs_record_stop_reason() synchronously to avoid
this potential deadlock issue.

Fixes: b62e71b ("f2fs: support errors=remount-ro|continue|panic mountoption")
Reported-by: [email protected]
Closes: https://lore.kernel.org/all/[email protected]
Signed-off-by: Chao Yu <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Daejun Park <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <[email protected]>

Author: chaseyu

fs/f2fs/checkpoint.c

@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ void f2fs_stop_checkpoint(struct f2fs_sb_info *sbi, bool end_io,
 	f2fs_build_fault_attr(sbi, 0, 0);
 	if (!end_io)
 		f2fs_flush_merged_writes(sbi);
-	f2fs_handle_critical_error(sbi, reason, end_io);
+	f2fs_handle_critical_error(sbi, reason);
 }
 
 /*

fs/f2fs/f2fs.h

@@ -3637,8 +3637,7 @@ int f2fs_quota_sync(struct super_block *sb, int type);
 loff_t max_file_blocks(struct inode *inode);
 void f2fs_quota_off_umount(struct super_block *sb);
 void f2fs_save_errors(struct f2fs_sb_info *sbi, unsigned char flag);
-void f2fs_handle_critical_error(struct f2fs_sb_info *sbi, unsigned char reason,
-							bool irq_context);
+void f2fs_handle_critical_error(struct f2fs_sb_info *sbi, unsigned char reason);
 void f2fs_handle_error(struct f2fs_sb_info *sbi, unsigned char error);
 void f2fs_handle_error_async(struct f2fs_sb_info *sbi, unsigned char error);
 int f2fs_commit_super(struct f2fs_sb_info *sbi, bool recover);

fs/f2fs/super.c

@@ -4159,8 +4159,7 @@ static bool system_going_down(void)
 		|| system_state == SYSTEM_RESTART;
 }
 
-void f2fs_handle_critical_error(struct f2fs_sb_info *sbi, unsigned char reason,
-							bool irq_context)
+void f2fs_handle_critical_error(struct f2fs_sb_info *sbi, unsigned char reason)
 {
 	struct super_block *sb = sbi->sb;
 	bool shutdown = reason == STOP_CP_REASON_SHUTDOWN;
@@ -4172,10 +4171,12 @@ void f2fs_handle_critical_error(struct f2fs_sb_info *sbi, unsigned char reason,
 	if (!f2fs_hw_is_readonly(sbi)) {
 		save_stop_reason(sbi, reason);
 
-		if (irq_context && !shutdown)
-			schedule_work(&sbi->s_error_work);
-		else
-			f2fs_record_stop_reason(sbi);
+		/*
+		 * always create an asynchronous task to record stop_reason
+		 * in order to avoid potential deadlock when running into
+		 * f2fs_record_stop_reason() synchronously.
+		 */
+		schedule_work(&sbi->s_error_work);
 	}
 
 	/*